(Bloomberg) -- Donald Trump and Joe Biden are signaling on Friday that their paths to the White House run through Pennsylvania, as each commemorated the anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks near the town of Shanksville, where one of the hijacked planes crashed in 2001.
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The president and his challenger visited at different times, avoiding a face-to-face encounter.
Both candidates see a need to spend time in Pennsylvania with just eight weeks before Election Day -- though neither side says politics was behind Friday’s visits.
© Photographer: Jeff Swensen/Getty Images North America Dedication of the Tower of Voices at the the Flight 93 National MemorialThe Tower of Voices at the Flight 93 National Memorial in Shanksville, Pennsylvania.
Photographer: Jeff Swensen/Getty Images
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Biden, who leads Trump in national polls but has a narrower advantage in Pennsylvania, said Friday morning that his campaign had taken down all its ads for the day in honor of the occasion.
A narrow win in Pennsylvania helped decide the presidency for Trump in 2016, ending a two-decade-long winning streak in the Keystone State by Democratic presidential candidates.
The Democratic challenger leads the president nationally by 7.5 percentage points and in Pennsylvania by 4.3 percentage points, according to RealClearPolitics’ average of recent polls. Trump’s 2016 victory in Pennsylvania came by fewer than 45,000 votes out of almost 6.2 million cast.
Third Trip
Friday’s visit is the president’s third trip to Pennsylvania in three weeks. Biden will participate in a CNN town hall in his birthplace of Scranton next week, after also spending Labor Day in Harrisburg.
Trump delivered remarks Friday morning at the Flight 93 National Memorial, accompanied by first lady Melania Trump.
“We express our undying loyalty to the nearly 6 million young men and women who have enlisted in the United States Armed Forces since September 11th, 2001,” Trump said. “More than 7,000 military heroes have laid down their lives since 9/11 to preserve our freedom. No words can express the summit of their glory or the infinite depth of our gratitude.”
Those comments came after the Atlantic magazine last week published allegations that Trump disparaged dead American military service members during a 2018 visit to France. The story, in which the president was said to refer to U.S. Marines buried at a World War I-era cemetery as “losers” and “suckers,” sparked a political firestorm over his attitude toward the military.
Elbow Bump
Trump and the White House have vehemently denied the president ever made those remarks. Trump has repeatedly said he supports military service members.
Biden visited the Pennsylvania memorial site on Friday afternoon. Although he had said he would not make remarks, he greeted visitors and spoke briefly with reporters, saying that Flight 93 was an example of Americans responding to a call for bravery.
“This is a country that never, never, never, never, never gives up. Ever,” he said. “One of the marks of being an American is understanding there is something that are bigger and more important things than yourself.”
Friday morning he attended a ceremony at the Ground Zero site in New York. Vice President Mike Pence was also there, and the two men bumped elbows instead of shaking hands. They stood near New York senators Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand, both Democrats.
Biden’s move to pause campaign advertising on Sept. 11 followed precedents set in earlier presidential campaigns. The Trump campaign didn’t respond to a question about whether it also planned to halt ads for the day.
Altered Ceremony
This year’s Flight 93 remembrance in Pennsylvania has been altered due to the coronavirus pandemic.
The ceremony, which typically lasts 90 minutes, was shortened to approximately half an hour, said Elizabeth Shope, a spokeswoman for the memorial, which is run by the National Park Service. The crash site was closed to the public starting Thursday at dusk and will remain so through the day on Friday. Victims’ families, however, were able to attend the ceremony, according to Shope.
The 9-11 anniversary falls at a perilous time for Trump’s campaign.
His handling of the coronavirus pandemic -- rated poorly by the public, according to polls -- was thrust back into the spotlight by journalist Bob Woodward’s new book, due to publish next week, which quotes Trump saying he intentionally downplayed the threat of Covid-19 to avoid creating panic.
This week, the U.S. announced it’s drawing down its troops presence in Iraq to 3,000 from 5,200. It’s a move designed to fulfill Trump’s campaign promise to terminate the so-called “endless wars” in Iraq and Afghanistan that started after the Sept. 11 attacks, but also highlights that U.S. troops remain engaged in both countries.
Pointed Hearing
Meanwhile, on Capitol Hill, the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence is holding a hearing Friday on the U.S. security and intelligence-sharing relationship with Saudi Arabia.
Fifteen of the 19 terrorists who carried out the Sept. 11 attacks were from Saudi Arabia.
The hearing is sure to have a critical bent, as lawmakers have become increasingly skeptical of the Trump administration’s close ties with the Gulf monarchy after a series of provocations, including the 2018 murder of Washington Post columnist Jamal Khashoggi and civilian casualties in the Saudi-led war in Yemen.
There was bipartisan outrage on the Hill following a successful effort by the administration to circumvent Congress and push through an $8 billion arms sale to the kingdom and other Middle East countries.
In December, lawmakers called for the suspension of a training program for foreign fighters after a Saudi air force officer shot and killed three U.S. service members at a Naval base in Pensacola, Florida. In 2016, Congress voted to allow U.S. citizens to sue the kingdom for its involvement in the 9-11 attacks.
(Updates with Biden appearance in 12th paragraph)
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In the United States, a commodity checkoff program collects funds through a checkoff mechanism, sometimes called checkoff dollars, from producers of a particular agricultural commodity and uses these funds to promote and do research on that particular commodity. The organizations must promote their commodity in a generic way, without reference to a particular producer. Checkoff programs attempt to improve the market position of the covered commodity by expanding markets, increasing demand, and developing new uses and markets. Checkoff programs amount to $750 million per year.[1]
The United States Department of Agriculture is responsible for overseeing the formation of checkoff organizations under the authority of the Commodity, Promotion, Research and Information Act of 1996.
These organizations are responsible for familiar American advertising campaigns, including 'Milk Does a Body Good,' the Got Milk? milk moustache series, 'Pork. The Other White Meat', 'The Incredible, Edible Egg', and 'Beef: It's What's for Dinner.'
United States policy[edit]
Because individual producers of nearly homogeneous agricultural commodities cannot easily convince consumers to choose one egg or orange or a single cut of beef over another, they often have joined together in commodity promotion programs to use generic advertising in an effort to expand total demand for the commodity, with the objective of helping their own sales as well. Activities are intended to expand both domestic and export demand; examples include advertising, nutrition education, research to improve product quality and appeal, market research studies, and technical assistance. These activities are often self-funded through assessments on marketing – hence, the name check-off programs.
Controversies[edit]
Congress has permitted producer groups to make checkoffs mandatory, and this aspect has generated legal challenges by some producers, who contend they must pay taxes for activities they would not underwrite voluntarily. The U.S. Supreme Court [in United States v. United Foods, Inc., 533 U.S. 405, 412 (2001)] ruled that the mushroom check-off violated the Constitutional free speech provisions (First Amendment), creating uncertainty about the future of other check-offs. Since then, separate lower federal courts have ruled that various check-offs also are unconstitutional. However, on May 23, 2005, the Supreme Court ruled that the beef check-off does not violate the First Amendment. In its decision, Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Association and Nebraska Cattlemen v. Livestock Marketing Association (Nos. 03-1164 and 03-1165), a majority of the Court agreed with check-off defenders that the programs are in fact 'government speech' (an issue that was not considered in the mushroom decision).
Apple like mouse for pc. 'Compelled funding of government speech does not alone raise First Amendment concerns,'..'Citizens may challenge compelled support of private speech, but have no First Amendment right not to fund government speech.'[2]
A Montana federal court ruled in June 2017 that the operation of the beef checkoff there was unconstitutional.[3] Macos mojave 10 14 6.
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In 2008, the American Egg Board attempted to funnel $3 million to oppose a ballot measure in California prohibiting the extreme confinement of farm animals. They were stopped by an injunction issued by a federal court.[4] In 2013, the Egg Board attempted to get government regulators and retailers to take action to halt sales of egg-free vegan “Just Mayo” brand products.[5] In this scandal, an Egg Board executive was caught discussing 'putting a hit on' Hampton Creek co-founder Josh Tetrick.[6]
Despite $4 million spent to support the retention of the checkoff, a referendum held in 2000 among hog farmers voted to eliminate the checkoff. Ann Veneman, the Secretary of Agriculture, voided the results.[7]
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The Senate in 2017 is considering changes to the enabling legislation.[8] The constitutionality of checkoffs is being challenged again in federal court in Ranchers-Cattlemen Action Legal Fund v. Sonny Perdue. The propriety of labeling Canadian and Mexican beef as domestic (and therefore eligible for promotion under the checkoff program) is being challenged in Ranchers-Cattlemen Action Legal Fund v. USDA.
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In 2017, Congress is considering a checkoff program for Concrete Masonry Products.[9]
Major checkoff organizations[edit]
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- Almond Board of California
- American Lamb Board
- National Dairy Promotion and Research Board
- National Honey Board
- National Mango Board
- United Sorghum Checkoff Program
- National Watermelon Promotion Board
- Popcorn Board
- U.S. Highbush Blueberry Council
- United States Potato Board
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See also[edit]
References[edit]
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This article incorporates public domain material from the Congressional Research Service document: Jasper Womach. 'Report for Congress: Agriculture: A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition'(PDF).
- ^Sabet, Michael (April 2010). 'UNDERSTANDING THE FEDERAL COMMODITY CHECKOFF PROGRAM'(PDF). PSU Law: 7. Retrieved 25 August 2017.Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^Greenhouse, Linda (May 24, 2005). 'Justices Say All Ranchers Must Help Pay for Federal Ads'. The New York Times. Retrieved September 2, 2011.
Compelled funding of government speech does not alone raise First Amendment concerns,' Justice Scalia said, adding, 'Citizens may challenge compelled support of private speech, but have no First Amendment right not to fund government speech.
- ^'Does Beef It's What's for Dinner Violate the First Amendment? In Montana, a Judge Says Yes'. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
- ^'Chickens Beat Eggs in Proposition 2 Lawsuit'. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
- ^'USDA Says American Egg Board's Anti-Vegan Mayo Campaign Was 'Inappropriate''. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
- ^'The Egg Industry Launched a Secret Two-Year War Against a Vegan Mayonnaise Competitor'. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
- ^'Hog Farmers Criticize Veneman for Not Terminating Checkoff'. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
- ^Huehnergarth, Nancy Fink (July 14, 2016). 'Senators Introduce Bill To Halt Anticompetitive Activities Of USDA Checkoff Programs'. Forbes. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
- ^'H.R. 1046: Concrete Masonry Products Research, Education, and Promotion Act of 2017'. govtrack. Retrieved Aug 22, 2017.
External links[edit]
- https://web.archive.org/web/20060617211217/http://www.beefboard.org/preslitigationinformation.aspx Litigation information
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